Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

• Define and explain the basic concepts of kinematics.
• Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities.
• Analyze motion using equations of kinematics.
• Solve problems related to uniformly accelerated motion.

Terms (English and Kazakh)

Glossary

1. Kinematics (Кинематика): The branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion.
2. Displacement (Орны ауыстыру): A vector quantity representing the shortest path between two points.
3. Velocity (Жылдамдық): The rate of change of displacement with time; a vector quantity.
4. Acceleration (Үдеу): The rate of change of velocity with time.
5. Speed (Шапшаңдық): The distance traveled per unit of time; a scalar quantity.
6. Scalar (Скаляр): A quantity that has only magnitude, no direction (e.g., speed).
7. Vector (Вектор): A quantity that has both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity).

Exercises for Terminology Memorization

1. Flashcards on Quizlet: Learn key terms and their definitions using Quizlet.
2. Drag-and-Drop Activity: Use this online game to practice matching terms with their meanings.

Recommended YouTube Video

Watch the following video to understand kinematics and equations of motion:
Kinematics — Physics One

Practice Exercises with Answers

Exercise 1: Identify whether the following quantities are scalar or vector:

1. Speed
2. Displacement
3. Time
4. Acceleration

Answers:

1. Scalar
2. Vector
3. Scalar
4. Vector

Exercise 2: A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate of 2 m/s22m/s2 for 5 seconds.

1. What is the final velocity?
2. How far does the car travel in this time?

Answers:

1. Final velocity, $v=u+at=0+(2)(5)=10\text{m/s}$
2. Distance, s=ut+12at2=0+12(2)(52)=25 ms=ut+21​at2=0+21​(2)(52)=25m

Research Task

Use this interactive simulation to explore motion and kinematics: PhET Kinematics Simulator.

Task:

• Simulate a scenario where an object moves with uniform acceleration.
• Record the displacement and velocity over time.

Answers:

• Answers will vary depending on user input in the simulation. Ensure to note the correct use of kinematic equations to verify results.

Reflection

Reflect on today’s lesson by answering the following questions:

1. What is the difference between displacement and distance?
2. How can you determine whether a quantity is scalar or vector?
3. Which concept in kinematics was easiest to understand? Which was most challenging?

Write your responses in a personal journal or discuss them in small groups.