Solution8. Worked Examples9. Investigation10. Group Activity11. Individual Work12. Resources13. Reflection
📐 Worked Examples
Example 1: Frequency from Wavelength
Find frequency of green light, λ=550 nm. (c=3×108 m/s)
1. Learning Objectives2. Language Objectives3. Key Terms3.1. Study Cards4. Glossary5. Theory6. Memorization Exercises7. Video Lesson
🎯 Learning Objectives
- State that all electromagnetic waves are transverse waves traveling at speed c in free space
- Recall approximate wavelength ranges of principal regions of the EM spectrum (radio → γ-rays)
- Recall that wavelengths 400–700 nm are visible to the human eye
🗣️ Language Objectives
- Use terms “electromagnetic spectrum,” “transverse wave,” “wavelength,” “visible” accurately
- Describe ranges (“radio,” “microwave,” “infrared,” “visible,” “ultraviolet,” “X-ray,” “γ-ray”)
- Explain relationships between frequency, wavelength, and speed in clear academic English
📚 Key Terms and Translations
| English Term | Russian | Kazakh |
|---|---|---|
| Electromagnetic wave | Электромагнитная волна | Электромагниттік толқын |
| Transverse wave | Поперечная волна | Көлденең толқын |
| Free space | Вакуум | Бос кеңістік |
| Wavelength (λ) | Длина волны (λ) | Толқын ұзындығы (λ) |
| Visible spectrum | Видимый спектр | Көрінетін спектр |
| γ-rays | γ-лучи | γ-сәулелер |
🃏 Vocabulary Study Cards
Electromagnetic wave
Definition: A transverse wave of oscillating electric & magnetic fields
Speed: c ≈ 3×108 m/s in free space
Visible light
Range: 400–700 nm
Use: Detected by human eye
γ-rays
Range: <10−11 m
Use: Medical imaging, astronomy
📖 Glossary of Terms
Electromagnetic wave
Wave of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, perpendicular to direction of propagation.
Russian: Волна изменяющихся электрических и магнитных полей, перпендикулярных направлению распространения.Kazakh: Таратылу бағытына перпендикуляр электрлік және магниттік өрістердің тербелуі.
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Visible spectrum
Portion of EM spectrum (400–700 nm) detectable by human eye.
Russian: Участок спектра 400–700 нм, видимый человеческим глазом.Kazakh: Адам көзінің көру диапазоны, 400–700 нм.
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🔬 Theory: Electromagnetic Spectrum
All EM waves are and travel at speed c in .
The principal regions and approximate wavelength ranges are:
- Radio: 10−1–103 m
- Microwave: 10−3–10−1 m
- Infrared: 7×10−7–10−3 m
- Visible: 4×10−7–7×10−7 m
- Ultraviolet: 10−8–4×10−7 m
- X-ray: 10−11–10−8 m
- γ-ray: <10−11 m
Medium: State the wavelength range of visible light.
Medium: Why do all EM waves travel at the same speed in free space?
Hard: Compare penetration abilities of X-rays vs radio waves and explain why.
💪 Memorization Exercises
Match Regions to Ranges
- Radio → ______ m
- Visible → ______ nm
- Ultraviolet → ______ nm to ______ nm
- γ-ray → < ______ m
🎥 Video Lesson
🧪 Interactive Investigation
Explore EM spectrum using PhET “Radio Waves” simulation:
👥 Collaborative Group Activity
Use this LearningApps quiz on EM regions:
📝 Individual Assessment
- Derive relationship c = f λ and explain its universality for EM waves.
- Calculate energy of a photon at 600 nm. (E=hf, h=6.63×10−34 Js)
- Compare penetration of UV vs IR in biological tissue.
- Explain why radio waves diffract around buildings but X-rays do not.
- Design an IR remote control system: choose λ and justify.
🔗 Additional Learning Resources
🤔 Lesson Reflection
- Which EM region do you use most in daily life? Why?
- How does wavelength affect applications (e.g., communication vs imaging)?
- What challenges arise in detecting γ-rays compared to radio waves?
- Set one goal to deepen your understanding of EM waves.